Found 111 entries
AWK
Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index
Syntax
awk ''Program'' Input-File1 Input-File2 ...
awk -f PROGRAM ...
BREAK
Exit from a for, while, until, or select loop
SYNTAX
break [n]If n is supplied, the nth enclosing loop is exited. n must be greater than or ...
BUILTIN
Run a shell builtin, passing it args, and return its exit status.
SYNTAX
builtin [shell-builtin [args]]This is useful when defining a shel ...
CAL
Display a calendar
SYNTAX
cal [-mjy] [[month] year]
options:
-m Display monday as the first day of the week.
-j ...
CASE
Conditionally perform a command, case will selectively execute the command-list corresponding to the first pattern that matches word.
SYNTAX
...
CAT
Display the contents of a file (concatenate)
SYNTAX
cat [Options] [File]...
Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.
...
CD
Change Directory - change the current working directory to a specific Folder.
SYNTAX
cd [-LP] [directory]
OPTIONS
-P : Do not fo ...
CFDISK
Curses based disk partition table manipulator for Linux
SYNTAX
cfdisk [ -agvz ] [ -c cylinders ] [ -h heads ]
[ -s sectors ...
CHGRP
Change group ownership
''chgrp'' changes the group ownership of each given File to Group (which can be either a group name or a numeric group id) o ...
CHMOD
Change access permissions, change mode.
Usage: chmod [Options]... MODE [,MODE]... File...
chmod [Options]... NUMERIC_MODE File...
...
CHOWN
Change owner, change the user and/or group ownership of each given File to a new Owner.
Chown can also change the ownership of a file to match the us ...
CHROOT
Run a command with a different root directory
''chroot'' runs a command with a specified root directory. On many systems, only the super-user can do ...
CKSUM
Print CRC checksum and byte counts
Computes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum for each given FILE, or standard input if none are given or fo ...
CMP
Compare two files, and if they differ, tells the first byte and line number where they differ.
You can use the `cmp'' command to show the offsets a ...
COMM
Common - compare two sorted files line by line and write to standard output:
the lines that are common, plus the lines that are unique.
SYNTAX
...
COMMAND
Run command with arguments ignoring any shell function named command.
SYNTAX
command [-pVv] command [arguments ...]
OPTIONS
-P ...
Command Prompt Fun with Linux
When you enter a command in Linux, you type a command at a prompt and then press enter. Commands can be more than one word--some require switches (whi ...
CONTINUE
Resume the next iteration of an enclosing for, while, until, or select loop.
SYNTAX
continue [n]If n is supplied, the execution of the nth ...
CP
Copy one or more files to another location
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Syntax
cp [options]... Source Dest
...
CRON
daemon to execute scheduled commands
Syntax
cronHow to run the cron daemon: Cron should be started from /etc/rc or /etc/rc.local. It will re ...
CRONTAB
Schedule a command to run at a later time
SYNTAX
crontab [ -u user ] file
crontab [ -u user ] { -l | -r | -e }
Key
-l List - ...
CSPLIT
Split a file into context-determined pieces.
SYNTAX
csplit [options]... INPUT PATTERN...
Creates zero or more output files containing sect ...
CUT
Divide a file into several parts (columns)
Writes to standard output selected parts of each line of each input file, or standard input if no files ar ...
DATE
Display or change the date
SYNTAX
date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
or:
date [OPTION] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
`date'' with no argum ...
DC
Desk calculator
SYNTAX
dc
OPTIONS
-e EXPR
--expression=EXPR
Evaluate EXPR as DC commands.
-f FILE
--file=FILE
...
DD
Dump Data - convert and copy a file (use for RAW storage), create a boot floppy.
SYNTAX
dd [OPTION]...
DESCRIPTION
The numeric-value ...
DECLARE
Declare variables and give them attributes.
SYNTAX
declare [-afFrxi] [-p] [name[=value]]
OPTIONS
-a Each name is an array varia ...
DF
Disk Free - display free disk space.
With no arguments, `df'' reports the space used and available on all currently mounted filesystems (of all types ...
DIFF
Display the differences between two files, or each corresponding file in two directories.
Each set of differences is called a "diff" or "patch". For ...
DIFF3
Show differences among three files.
When two people have made independent changes to a common original, `diff3'' can report the differences between t ...
DIG
A flexible tool for interrogating DNS name servers. It performs DNS lookups and displays the answers that are returned from the name server(s) that we ...
DIR
Briefly list directory contents
SYNTAX
`dir'' (also installed as `d'')Equivalent to `ls -C -b''; that is,by default files are listed in col ...
DIRCOLORS
Color setup for `ls'', outputs a sequence of shell commands to set up the terminal for color output from `ls'' (and `dir'', etc.).
SYNTAX
...
DIRNAME
Convert a full pathname to just a path
SYNTAX
dirname pathname
DESCRIPTION
Prints all but the final slash-delimited component of a
str ...
DIRS
Display the list of currently remembered directories.
SYNTAX
dirs [+N | -N] [-clpv]
OPTIONS
+N Displays the Nth directory (count ...
DU
Disk Usage - report the amount of disk space used by the specified files and for each subdirectory.
SYNTAX
du [options]... [file]...
With ...
ECHO
Display message on screen, writes each given STRING to standard output, with a space between each and a newline after the last one.
SYNTAX
ec ...
EGREP
Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression (extended grep)
SYNTAX
egrep [ options ] ''PATTERN'' files ...
egrep is the s ...
ENABLE
Enable and disable builtin shell commands.
SYNTAX
enable [-n] [-p] [-f filename] [-ads] [name ...]
OPTIONS
-a list each buil ...
ENV
Display, set, or remove environment variables, Run a command in a modified environment.
SYNTAX
env [OPTION]... [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [AR ...
EVAL
Evaluate several commands/arguments
SYNTAX
eval [arguments]The arguments are concatenated together into a single command, which is then read ...
EXEC
Execute a command
SYNTAX
exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments]]
OPTIONS
-l Place a dash at the beginning of the zeroth arg p ...
EXPAND
Convert tabs to spaces, write the contents of each given file, to standard output, with tab characters converted to the appropriate number of spaces. ...
EXPORT
Set an environment variable. Mark each name to be passed to child processes in the environment.
SYNTAX
export [-fn] [-p] [name[=value]]
O ...
EXPR
SYNTAX
expr expression...
DESCRIPTION
Each token of the expression must be a separate argument.
Operands are either numbers or strings. ...
FALSE
Do nothing, returning a non-zero (false) exit status
SYNTAX
false`false'' does nothing except return an exit status of 1, meaning "failure". ...
FDFORMAT
Low-level format a floppy disk
SYNTAX
fdformat [ -n ] device
OPTIONS
-n No verify. This will disable the verification
...
FDISK
Partition table manipulator for Linux
SYNTAX
fdisk [-u] device
fdisk -l [-u] device ...
fdisk -s partition ...
...
FGREP
Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
SYNTAX
fgrep ...
fgrep is the same as `grep -F''
all other options are th ...
FIND
Search a folder hierarchy for filename(s) that meet a desired criteria: Name, Size, File Type etc.
SYNTAX
find [path...] [options] [tests] [ ...
FMT
Reformat paragraph text, fill and join lines to produce output lines of a given width (75 characters by default).
SYNTAX
fmt [option(s)]... ...
FOLD
Wrap input lines to fit in specified width, writes each FILE (`-'' means standard input), or standard input if none are given, to standard output, bre ...
FOR
Expand words, and execute commands once for each member in the resultant list, with name bound to the current member.
SYNTAX
for name [in wo ...
FSCK
Filesystem consistency check and interactive repair. Journaling file systems avoid the need to run fsck.
SYNTAX
fsck [options] [filesystem ...
FUNCTION
Shell functions are a way to group commands for later execution using a single name for the group. They are executed just like a "regular" command. Wh ...
GETOPTS
getopts is used by shell scripts to parse positional parameters.
SYNTAX
getopts optstring name [args]
OPTIONS
optstring : The opti ...
GREP
Search file(s) for specific text.
SYNTAX
grep "Search String" [filename]
grep [-e pattern] [file...]
...
GROUPS
Print group names a user is in.
SYNTAX
groups [username]...Prints the names of the primary and any supplementary groups for each given userna ...
GZIP
Compress or decompress named file(s)
SYNTAX
gzip options ...
OPTIONS
--stdout
--to-stdout
-c
Write output on standard output; ...
HASH
Remember the full pathnames of commands specified as name arguments, so they need not be searched for on subsequent invocations.
SYNTAX
has ...
HEAD
Output the first part of files, prints the first part (10 lines by default) of each FILE; it reads from standard input if no files are given or when g ...
HISTORY
Command Line history
SYNTAX
history
history [n]
history -c
history -d offset
history [-anrw] [filename]
...
HOSTNAME
Print or set system name
SYNTAX
hostname [name]
With no arguments, `hostname'' prints the name of the current host system. With one argumen ...
ID
Print real and effective user id (uid) and group id (gid), prints identity information about the given user, or if no user is specified the current pr ...
IF
Conditionally perform a command.
SYNTAX
if test-commands; then
consequent-commands;
[elif more-test-commands; then
mor ...
IFCONFIG
Interface configurator - display your ip address, network interfaces, transferred and received data information, configure a network interface.
Syn ...
IMPORT
Capture some or all of an X server screen and save the image to file.
SYNTAX
import [ options ... ] [ file ]
import reads an image from any ...
INSTALL
Copy files and set attributes, copies files while setting their permission modes and, if possible, their owner and group.
SYNTAX
install [op ...
JOIN
Join lines on a common field, writes to standard output a line for each pair of input lines that have identical join fields.
SYNTAX
join [Op ...
KILL
Stop a process from running, either via a signal or forced termination.
SYNTAX
kill [-s sigspec] [-n signum] [-sigspec] jobspec or pid
...
LESS
Display output one screen at a time, Search through output, Edit the command line.
SYNTAX
less [options]
| less [options] ...
LET
Perform arithmetic on shell variables.
SYNTAX
let expression [expression]If the last expression evaluates to 0, let returns 1; otherwise 0 i ...
Linux Command History Feature
Bash remembers what commands you''ve recently entered so that you can recall and issue them again easily. If you press the up-arrow key, bash places t ...
LN
Make links between files, by default, it makes hard links; with the `-s'' option, it makes symbolic (or "soft") links.
SYNTAX
ln [Options].. ...
LOCAL
Create variables
SYNTAX
local [option] name[=value]For each argument, a local variable named name is created, and assigned value.
The op ...
LOCATE
Find files.
SYNTAX
locate [options] pattern
Options
-d path, --database=path
Search databases in path.
...
LOGNAME
Print current login name
SYNTAX
logname
Prints the calling user''s name, as found in the file`/var/run/utmp'', and exits with a status of 0 ...
LOGOUT
Exit a login shell.
SYNTAX
logout [n]Returns a status of n to the shell''s parent.
A login shell, is your topmost shell, and is started ...
LOOK
Display any lines in file which contain string as a prefix.
Syntax
look [-df] [-t termchar] string [file]
As look performs a binary sea ...
LP
line printer control program
SYNTAX
lpc [command [argument ...]]
DESCRIPTION
Lpc is used by the system administrator to control the ...
LPR
lpr
off line print - sends a print job to the default system queue.
SYNTAX
lpr [-Pprinter] [-#num] [-C class] [-J job] [-T title] [-U use ...
LPRM
Remove jobs from the line printer spooling queue
SYNTAX
lprm [-Pprinter] [-] [job# ...] [user ...]
Options and arguments:
...
LS
List information about FILEs, by default the current directory.
SYNTAX
ls [Options]... [File]...
KEY
Sort entries alphabetically i ...
MAN
Display helpful information about commands.
Syntax
man [-k] [command]
man intro
man bash
info [command]
...
MKDIR
Create new folder(s), if they do not already exist.
SYNTAX
mkdir [Options] folder...
mkdir "Name with spaces"
OPTIONS
-m, - ...
MKFIFO
Make FIFOs (named pipes) with the specified names.
SYNTAX
mkfifo [options] NAME...
OPTIONS
`-m MODE''
`--mode=MODE''
Set the ...
MKNOD
creates a FIFO, character special file, or block special file with the specified name.
SYNTAX
mknod [options]... NAME Type [Major Minor]
...
MORE
Display output one screen at a time, less provides more emulation and extensive enhancements.
SYNTAX
more [-dlfpcsu] [-num] [+/ pattern] [+ ...
MOUNT
mount a file system
All files accessible in a Unix system are arranged in one big tree, the file hierarchy, rooted at /. These files can be spread ou ...
MTOOLS
Mtools is a public domain collection of tools to allow Unix systems to manipulate MS-DOS files: read, write, and move around files on an MS-DOS filesy ...
MV
Move or rename files or directories.
SYNTAX
mv [options]... Source Dest
mv [options]... Source... DirectoryIf the last argument nam ...
NICE
Run a command with modified scheduling priority, print or modify the scheduling priority of a job.
SYNTAX
nice [Option]... [Command [Arg]... ...
NL
Number lines and write files, writes each FILE to standard output, with line numbers added to some or all of the lines.
If no input file (or `-'' ) ...
NOHUP
No Hang Up. Run a command immune to hangups, runs the given command with hangup signals ignored, so that the command can continue running in the backg ...
NSLOOKUP
Query Internet name servers
Syntax:
nslookup
nslookup host-to-find
nslookup server
interactive mode:
ns ...
PASSWD
Modify a user password.
SYNTAX
passwd [options...]
OPTIONS
-d, --delete delete the password for the named account (root only) ...
PASTE
Merge lines of files, write to standard output lines consisting of sequentially corresponding lines of each given file, separated by a TAB character.
...
PING
Test a network connection. When using ping for fault isolation, it should first be run on the local host, to verify that the local network interface i ...
POPD
Remove the top entry from the directory stack, and cd to the new top directory.
SYNTAX
popd [+N | -N] [-n]
Key
+N Remove the Nth di ...
PR
Prepare files for printing, printing and pagination filter for text files.
When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, and writ ...
PRINTF
Format and print data.
Write the formatted arguments to the standard output under the control of the format.
SYNTAX
printf format [argumen ...
PS
Process status, information about processes running in memory. If you want a repetitive update of this status, use top.
SYNTAX
Display Proce ...
PUSHD
Save and then change the current directory. With no arguments, pushd exchanges the top two directories.
SYNTAX
pushd [dir | +N | -N] [-n]
K ...
PWD
Print Working Directory
SYNTAX
pwd [-LP]
OPTIONS (shell builtin)
-P : The pathname printed will not contain symbolic links.
...
QUOTA
Display disk usage and limits, by default only the user quotas are printed.
SYNTAX
quota [ -guv | q ]
quota [ -uv | q ] user
...
QUOTACHECK
Scan a file system for disk usage
SYNTAX
quotacheck [-g] [-u] [-v] -a
quotacheck [-g] [-u] [-v] filesys ...
Quotach ...
QUOTACTL
Set disk quotas
SYNTAX
#include
int quotactl(cmd, special, uid, addr)
int cmd;
char *special;
...
RAM
ram disk device
Ram is a block device to access the ram disk in raw mode.
It is typically created by:
mknod -m 660 /dev/ram b 1 ...
RCP
Remote Copy - move files between machines.
Each file or directory is either a remote filename of the form rname@rhost:path or a local filename.
S ...
READ
Read a line from standard input
SYNTAX
read [-ers] [-a aname] [-p prompt] [-t timeout]
[-n nchars] [-d delim] [name.. ...
RETURN
Cause a shell function to exit with the return value n.
SYNTAX
return [n]
Options
n Return value i.e. an errorlevelIf n is n ...
